President of India Part 2 – Indian Polity

Indian polity carries the good weightage in most of the exams be it UPSC, state PSC banks and SSC. And in polity articles is one of the most important topics.

So In this article we will give you the summary of president topic. The summary includes the articles and all other important concepts of this chapter.

Article 61 :-

Impeachment of president

• Ground for the impeachment of the president is violation of constitution
• Impeachment is a quaci-judicial procedure
• It has three stages

                          1^st stage – Resolution

                          2^nd stage – Resolution passed

                          3^rd stage – Impeachment

• The impeachment process can be initiated by any house of the parliament
• The resolution should be signed by at least ¼ members of that house and moved after giving 14 days prior notice
• The resolution needs 2/3 majority from both the houses to pass the resolution
• No president has been removed by impeachment till now

Article 71 :-

Any dispute regarding election of the president and vice – president should be resolved by the supreme court

Powers of the president

Article 53 and article 77 : deals with the executive powers of the president

Article 78 :

The prime minister should communicate to president all the decisions of the council of ministers related to the administration

Appointments done by the President

• Prime minister
• Other ministers on advice of Prime Minister
• Chief justice of India and other Judges of supreme court on advice of Chief Justice of India
• Chief justice and other judges of high court
• Chairman and other members of UPSC
• Attorney general of India
• Comptroller and Auditor General of India
• Chief Election Commissioner and other members of the Election Commission
• Governors of states, administrators of union territories
• Chairman and member of National Commission of Schedule Caste and Tribes

Legislative powers

Article 73 :-

Parliament is composed of president upper house Rajya Sabha and lower house Lok Sabha

Article 80 :-

President nominates 12 members in Rajay Sabha and 2 members in Lok Sabha

Article 85 :-

President has power to summon or prorogue the two houses of parliament. President may dissolve the lok sabha

Article 103 :-

He decides the qualification of the members of the parliament suggested by the election commission

Article 108 :-

He can call a joint session of both the houses

Article 123 :-

President has the power to issue ordinance duration of an ordinance during session is six weeks and it can be extended to maximum 6 months and 6 weeks

Article 111 :-

The veto power of the President :-bill passed by the parliament can become law only after the assent of the president

• A bill is sent to president after it is passed in parliament, president has the following options he can give his assent , withhold is assent and return the bill to the parliament for reconsideration
• But if the bill comes for the second time for president’s assent then the president can’t be sent the bill for reconsideration

President of India has following veto power

• Absolute veto :-power of president to withhold the assent to the bill
• Suspensive veto :- power to return the bill
• Pocket veto :- power of president to not act upon the bill and keep it with himself

In 1986, Gyani Jail Singh used pocket veto on post office legislation.

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