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Notes on United Nations (Static GK Material for Competitive Exams)

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Notes on United Nations

  • The United Nations is an intergovernmental organization.
  • The objective of United Nations is to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international co-operation and be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations.
  • The Headquarters of United Nations are at Manhattan, New York City. The main offices are situated in Geneva, Nairobi and Vienna.
  • United Nations was established on 24 October 1945, at the end of World War II, the organization was established to prevent the future wars.
  • At the time of establishment of UN there were 51 member states, at present there are 193 member states of UN and two observer states.
  • The Secretary-General of UN is Antonio Guterres and Deputy Secretary- General is Amina J. Mohammed.
  • Official Language of UN are Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish. The United Nations has six principal organs, The General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice and UN Secretariat.
  • World Bank Group, the World Health Organization, the World Food Programme, UNESCO and UNICEF are the UN System Agencies.

World Bank Group

  • The World Bank Group consists of five international organizations.
  • The World Bank Group provide leveraged loans to the developing countries.
  • World Bank Group is the largest and most well known development bank in the world.
  • The Headquarters of World Bank Group are in Washington DC, United States of America (USA).
  • There are 189 member countries of the World Bank Group.
  • The President of World Bank Group is Jim Yong Kim and Kyle Peters is the Managing Director.
  • The five organizations of World Bank Group are the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID).
  • World Bank Group was established on 4 July 1944.
  • The mission of World Bank Group is to end extreme poverty and build shared property.

World Bank

  • World Bank is a component of the World Bank Group.
  • It is an international financial institution that provides loans to countries of the world for capital projects.
  • World Bank comprises of two institutions, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), and the International Development Association (IDA).
  • The CEO of World Bank is Kristilina Georgieva.
  • The World Bank’s most recent goal is the reduction of poverty.

World Health Organisation (WHO)

  • The World Health Organisation is a branch agency of the United Nations which is concerned with the international public health.
  • World Health Organisation or WHO was established on 7 April 1948. The headquarters of WHO is at Geneva, Switzerland.
  • The Director General of World Health Organisation is Tedros Adhanom.
  • WHO publishes the World Health Report and is responsible for the worldwide World Health Survey and World Health Day.
  • World Health Day is celebrated every day on 7 April. This year theme was ” Universal Health Coverage”.

UNESCO

  • The full form of UNESCO is The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
  • The purpose of UNESCO is to contribute to peace and security by promoting educational, scientific and cultural reforms.
  • The UNESCO was formed on 4 November 1946. The Headquarters of UNESCO are at Paris, France.
  • UNESCO has 195 member states.
  • Director General of the UNESCO is Audrey Azoulay.

UNICEF

  • UNICEF stands for United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund.
  • UNICEF was established by United Nations General Assembly on 11 December 1946, to provide emergency food and healthcare to children in countries that were devastated by World War.
  • Ludwik Rajchman is regarded as the founder of UNICEF. He served as the first Chairman of UNICEF from 1946.
  • The Headquarters of UNICEF are in New York, USA.
  • The Executive Director of the United Nations Children’s Fund is Henrietta H. Fore.
  • The mission of UNICEF is to advocate for the protection of children’s rights, to provide the opportunities and to help meet their basic needs.

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