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Indian History Notes – Azad Hind Fauz, Mountbatten Plan, Partition of India (Static GK Material for Competitive Exams)

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Azad Hind Fauz, Subhash Chandra Bose, Direct Action Campaign, Interim Government, Formation of Constituent Assembly, Mountbatten Plan, India after Independence, Lucent G.K. material for History, Pearson Study Material, History Notes, History Notes for Competitive Exams, One Liners for History.

Azad Hind Fauz, Mountbatten Plan, Partition of India

Azad Hind Fauz

  • Subhash Chandra Bose formed the ‘Azad Hind Fauz’ in 1943 in Singapore and gave his famous call ‘Dilli Chalo’. The aim of Azad Hind Fauz was was to free India from the British Rule.
  • The Azad Hind Fauz was joined by Indian residents of the South East Asia and by the Indian soldiers and officers captured by the Japanese forces Malaya, Singapore and Burma.
  • Azad Hind Fauz or Indian National Army had two Headquarters one at Rangoon and other at Singapore. Recruits were sought from civilians and funds were gathered for the INA.
  • One women regiment named ‘Rani Jhansi regiment’ was also formed. One INA battalion also accompanied the Japanese army for the Imphal campaign.
  • But after the defeat of Japan in 1944-1945, the INA died.
  • It is said that Subhash Chandra Bose died in an air crash on his way to Tokyo in August 1945.

Direct Action Campaign (16 August 1946)

  • Also called Great Calcutta Killing, Direct Action Campaign was a day of widespread communal rioting between the Hindus and Muslims in the city of Calcutta, Bengal.
  • The Direct Action was announced by the Muslim League to bring the focus on its demand for a separate Muslim state.
  • The campaign resulted in heavy communal riots in the country inn which many people lost their lives and many were wounded.

Interim Government

  • On 2 September 1946, an interim government was formed.
  • Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, with Congress members joined the Government but it was refused by Muslim League.

Formation of Constituent Assembly

  • The Constituent Assembly met on 9 December 1946 and Dr. Rajendra Prasad, was elected as its President.
  • The Constituent Assembly of India was elected to write the Constitution of India. Following India’s independence from Great Britain in 1947, its members served as the nation’s first Parliament.
  • However Muslim League did not join the Assembly.

Mountbatten Plan :

  • In March 1947, Lord Mountbatten replaced Lord Wavell.
  • He announced his plan on 3 June 1947. The Mountbatten Plan proposed the partition of India but retain the maximum unity.
  • The country would be partitioned and also Punjab and Bengal so that the majority of Muslim could decide separately.
  • The plan also focused on the speedy transfer of political powers in form of dominion status to the newly formed dominions of India and Pakistan.
  • According to the plan the following states or state areas will be established
    (i) North-West Pakistan covering Western Punjab, Sind and possibly the North-West Frontier and Baluchistan
    (ii) East Pakistan covering Eastern Bengal and
    (iii) The Indian Union or Hindustan, covering the rest of British India
    (iv) The Princely States covering two-fifth of the area of India.
  • The Plan was accepted by Congress and Muslim League which resulted in birth of Pakistan.

Partition of India

  • In accordance with the Indian Independence act of 1947, India was partitioned on 15 August 1947 into India and Pakistan.
  • Lord Mountbatten was appointed as the Governor-General of free India and M.A. Jinnah was first Governor-General of Pakistan.

India after Independence

  • After Independence Sir C. Rajagopalachari was made the first and only Governor-General of free India. 
  • With the help of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Indian Army the princely states were merged into India. 
  • Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was elected as the first Prime Minister of India and Dr. Rajendra Prasad took over as the first President of India.
  • India became republic on the morning of 26 January 1950. 

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