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One Liners for Geography- Static Science GK Material for Competitive exams like SSC, Railways etc

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Geography Notes, Important Geography Notes for Competitive Exams, G.K.Notes for Railway Exams, Notes for RRB Exams, Important Terms related to Geography, One Liners for Geography, Lucent G.K. material, Important Grasslands.

Geography Notes

  • Anemometer – Anemometer is an instrument which is used for measuring wind velocity.
  • Avalanche – Avalanche is a large mass of snow and ice at high altitude, sliding downslope on a mountain. Usually a large amount of rock material is also involved in an avalanche.
  • Barometer – It is an instrument used for measuring pressure. A self-recording barometer giving a continuous record of pressure conditions in the form of a line graph is called a barogram.
  • Base level – The lowest level to which a river can deepen its valley. It is the level of the surface of the water body, a lake or sea, in which the stream finally falls.
  • Bio geography – Study of geographical distribution of plants and animals is known as Bio geography.
  • Biosphere – The portion of the earth and the environment occupied by the various forms of life.
  • Blizzard – A storm of powdered snow in the polar region.
  • Canyon – A narrow, deep, steep-sided river valley cut in the soft rocks.
  • Cardinal points – The four main directions of the compass.
  • Cartography – The art of drawing maps and charts.
  • Chronometer – An accurate time keeping instrument.
  • Climate – The average weather conditions of the region throughout the season.
  • Condensation – The process by which substance changes from vapors to liquid.
  • Coniferous – Cone-bearing plants with needle-shaped leaves.
  • Convection – The uplift of air as the result of surface heating or instability due to other reasons. Generally this term refers to vertical movement of gases in contrast to advection.
  • Convection currents – Due to instability in air some vertical motions inn atmosphere are set up which are more or less in form of current.
  • Coral – A kind of rock formed by polyps forming reefs in the ocean.
  • Downs – Downs are the grasslands of Australia.
  • Denudation – Wearing away of rocks by various agencies like wind, water and ice (glaciers).
  • Ecology – Study of organisms in relation to their environment.
  • Epicentre – Point on the surface of the earth vertically above the seismic focus or deep focus, that is, the point where the earthquake originates.
  • Estuary – An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. Estuaries form a transition zone between river environments and maritime environments. Mouth of a river where tidal effects are evident and where fresh water and sea water mix. The term also refers to river valleys which have been flooded by sea due to coastal subsident.
  • Fauna – The animal life of a region or a geological period. Fauna is all of the animal life of any particular region or time. The corresponding term for plants is flora. Flora, fauna and other forms of life such as fungi are collectively referred to as biota.
  • Glacier – A mass of ice moving under its own weight.
  • Gorge – A narrow and deep valley of river.
  • Gulf – A large and deep bay.
  • Habitat – Natural environment of plant or animal.
  • Halophyte – A plant which grows naturally in saline environment.
  • Hemisphere – One half of the earth’s surface, formed passing through its centre bisects it.
  • Humidity – The state of atmosphere with respect to amount of water vapour it contains.
  • Humus – Decomposed or partly decomposed organic matter in the soil.
  • Hydrology – The study of water content on the earth.
  • Hyetograph – A self recording rain-gauge.
  • Hygrometer – An instrument which is used to measure the humidity in the atmosphere.
  • Hygrophyte – Plant growing in wetlands.
  • Insolation – Energy radiated by the sun received by the earth.
  • Isopleth – The line drawn on the map along which the value of particular phenomenon or product is explained.
  • Isonomal – Isopleth of anomaly.
  • Isorithm – Any line representing continuous value on maps.
  • Isobars – Isobars are the lines of equal pressure.
  • Isobaths – Lines of equal depth in sea.
  • Isobronts – Lines joining places experiencing a thunderstorm at a same time.
  • Isochrones – Lines joining places located at equal travel time from a common centre.
  • Isogonals – Lines joining places with same magnetic declination.
  • Isohalines – A line on a map connecting points having equal salinity.
  • Isohels – A line on a map connecting points having equal amount of sunshine.
  • Isohyet – A line on a map connecting points having equal rainfall.
  • Isohypse or contour lines – A line on a map connecting points having equal elevation above sea level.
  • Isonif – A line on a map connecting points having equal amount of snow.
  • Isophene – A line on a map connecting points having equal seasonal phenomena, for example, flowering dates of plants.
  • Isopotential – The surface to which artesian water can rise.
  • Isorymes – A line on a map connecting points having equal equal frost.
  • Isoseismals – A line on a map connecting points having equal seismic activity.
  • Isotherms – A line on a map connecting points having equal temperature.
  • Planimeter – An instrument which is used for measuring irregular plane areas on maps.
  • Prairies – Prairies are the mid-latitude grasslands of North America.
  • Phenology – Science dealing with the effects of seasonal changes upon animmal and plant life.
  • Phytogeography – The study of the distribution of plants, on the earth, in relation to the environment.
  • Petrology -Petrology is the branch of geology that studies rocks and the conditions under which they form. Petrology has three subdivisions: igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary petrology.
  • Pampas -The mid-latitude grassslands of South America.
  • Pedology – The science of the study of soils.
  • Pelagic – Belonging to the open sea.
  • Peninsula – A peninsula is a piece of land surrounded by water on the majority of its border while being connected to a mainland from which it extends. The surrounding water is usually understood to be continuous, though not necessarily named as a single body of water. 

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